How Literacy Is Used As A Communication Method - 1527 Words

When it comes to understanding literacy I learned that reading, along with writing is used as a communication method. However, there s so much more to it than just obtaining the knowledge of knowing how to read and write. It all truly depends on the way you use your skills in literature. Literacy is different to each and every person, depending on who they are as a person. It can consist of your culture, pronunciation, the way you dress, as well as all of your actions. That being said, personally literature means not only knowing how to read and write, but the way we approach it as an individual. For example, we are judged by the way we speak, look, act, where we come from, as well as how we were raised. Which is all†¦show more content†¦Although I love her deeply, the way she spoke always bothered me as a child. My sister always spoke proper english is what I will not call it, but politely and she understood how to express herself and speak her mind in a polite manner. I wa s taught manners by my parents, greetings were something you could not just pass by. â€Å"good morning† was to be said every morning to everyone in the house along with a kiss otherwise it was a form of disrespect. A hug was followed with every goodbye. Even though you could have been upset with a family member you were required to forgive them and let the past stay in the past. Mainly because you never know if you are going to see them tomorrow, living with regret is something no one wants. My father always told me, since I was always a stubborn child, forgiveness is not for the other person it is for you. At that moment I realized he was right, the only person I was hurting all along was myself. Nevertheless, I have had a time where I had to teach myself something that not only had disadvantages but some advantages as well. Learning how to think before I spoke, Speaking your mind and the truths was always something I believed in. However, I never realized that sometimes yo u have to think about the consequences about your statement. Some days you have to tell people what they want to hear, not the truth, but yes, in some occasions you have to speak your truths for the better of

The Break Up Film Review - 1121 Words

Brandi Hill Interpersonal Comm. Professor Langston 3 April 2013 1. In the movie â€Å"The Break Up†, Gary and Brooke go through relational stages. Initiating: This was first seen at the baseball game, when he tries to give her a hot dog, and after the game he insists on taking her on a date. Experimenting: This is seen when Brooke tells a customer, â€Å"picking art is like picking a mate† Intensifying: You could see at the beginning of the movie that they were in a loving, fun relationship by the pictures of them and their friends. It was always the two of them together. Integrating: At this stage of the relationship they purchased the condo. Bonding: This Bonding was not really seen in the movie itself but once again it could†¦show more content†¦Neither of them wanted to leave. 2. Friends and family are supposed to helpful during a break up. In this movie Gary and Brooke’s friends and family were supportive and non-supportive. Brooke’s sister was her main support during the break up. Even though her brother did stop over to the condo with his singing friends, just to add fuel to the fire. Gary had his bar buddy to support him; yeah his ideas were not the greatest, when he mentioned they need to get someone neither of them knows to â€Å"handle† the problem. 3. The styles of conflict that can be seen in the movie are: Competition: This can be seen when she is going on a date and Gary invites her friend to play a game with him. Collaboration: This was seen at the end of the movie when they said what they could have done differently. Compromise: The only compromise in this break up was when they can to the agreement that his room was now the living room. Avoidance: This was huge in this movie; they could not stand the sight of one another. They did what they had to do to avoid one another. Accommodation: Neither of them wanted to accommodate one another, it was either Brooke’s way or no way. The most effective style of conflict in this movie should haveShow MoreRelatedCritical Responces to Madame Sata1137 Words   |  5 PagesRepresentation: Madame Sata In a film directed by Karim Ainouz, the story of Joao Francisco dos Santos’ rise to fame as the Brazilian Pop Culture icon, Madame Sata, comes to life. The film, also titled Madame Sata, addresses issues of race, gender and sexuality in relation to Brazilian culture through various cinematic effects and the depiction or interpretations of characters through their actions and dialogue.This film has many layers that can be taken apart and analyzed with the underlying socialRead MoreThe Film The Lost Honor Of Katharina Blum1324 Words   |  6 Pages The German films The Lost Honor of Katharina Blum, directed by Dir. Volker Schlondorff and Margarethe von Trotta in 1975 and The Marriage of Maria Braun, directed by Dir. Rainer Werner Fassbinder in 1979 both display issues with gender equality. In The Lost Honor of Katharina Blum, Katharina shares a night with a wanted man and she falls in love with him. She is harassed by the police and the press when she tells them that she had no part in helping Ludwig Gà ¶tten, the wanted terrorist, escape.Read MoreRobert Ebert s The Wizard Of Oz1361 Words   |  6 Pagesthese movies and write reviews to help narrow down what movies to and not to view. One of these critics is Robert Ebert. Robert Ebert is an honorable critic to base judgements off of because he does an exceptional job summarizing the plot, stating his personal opinions, and speaking about the actors/director’s roles in the film. Summarizing the plot of a film without giving away too many details and spoiling the story is one of the most important part about writing a movie review. Robert Elbert hasRead MoreThe Shining And Misery : What Makes A Film Adaptation Great?1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Shining and Misery: What makes a film adaptation great? 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This film displays every concept we have learned about: The Communication Process, Conflict, Nonverbal Communication, Verbal Communication, Perception and more. You may rent this if you like. But, you may view the film for free on the NCC

Like a Boss Free Essays

The story is told in third person. Knowledge is unlimited. Third-person limited: The story is told from the viewpoint of one person in the story; A stream of consciousness; the uninterrupted thoughts in a character. We will write a custom essay sample on Like a Boss or any similar topic only for you Order Now First person: The author disappears into one of the characters who tells the story in first person; l. Objective: The narrator disappears into a kind of roving sound camera. This camera can go anywhere but can record only what is seen and heard. Theme: The theme should be expressible in the form of a statement with a subject and a predicate. It is insufficient to say that the theme of a story is motherhood or loyalty to country. Characterization: The various literary means by which characters are presented Indirect Characterization: The author shows us the characters through their actions Direct Characterization: They tell us straight out, by exposition or analysis, what the characters are like, or they have another character in the story describe them. Traumatized: Shown as speaking and behaving as in a stage play Stock Character: Stereotyped figures who have recurred so often in fiction that we recognize them at once. Static Character: Remains the same person throughout the story Dynamic Character: The developing of a character throughout the story Epiphany: The moment or insight that usually defines the moment of the developing character’s change Plot: the sequence of incidents or events through which an author constructs a story. Structure: Sequential arrangement of events in a plot Conflict: Clash of actions, ideas, desires or wills. Suspense: The quality in a story that makes readers ask â€Å"What’s going to happen next? † Mystery: An unusual set of circumstances for which the reader craves an explanation Dilemma: Position in which he or she must choose between two courses of action, both undesirable. Happy ending: The protagonist must solve her problems, defeat an adversary, win her man, â€Å"live happily ever after. † Indeterminate: Unresolved. No definitive conclusion is reached. Chance: The occurrence of an event that has no apparent cause. How to cite Like a Boss, Papers

Mktg Exam free essay sample

True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Sara Lee Industries spent considerable money and time developing crustless bread. Prior to the introduction, the company had not conducted market research among its customers, but it was confident that its science and technology department had produced a successful new product. Based on this example, Sara Lee is a good example of a production oriented company. TRUE 2. While most marketing organizations rely on various forms of promotion to succeed, sales oriented organizations make the most effective use of their entire marketing mix. FALSE 3. The company’s objective is to spend ten percent of this fiscal year’s sales revenue on research and development in an effort to introduce at least five new products in the next fiscal year. This is an example of a well stated objective. TRUE 4. A competitive advantage is some unique aspect of a firm’s offering, or of the firm itself, that causes target customers to patronize the firm rather than its competition. TRUE 5. Berkshire Hathaway Inc. , a large property insurance company, owns a large chain of jewelry stores and has recently purchased Russell, a manufacturer of sporting goods. Berkshire Hathaway Inc. uses a market penetration strategy. FALSE 6. Simon needed to rent a trailer for the weekend. Then he learned the rental company offered lower daily rates for seven day rentals. The rental company is clearly using a market development strategy. FALSE 7. Marketing strategies involve the activity of selecting or describing one or more target markets and developing and maintaining a marketing mix that will produce mutually satisfying exchanges with target markets. TRUE 8. Whenever faced with a difficult customer, the owner of a shoe store remembered what the original store founder, his grandfather, had done in similar situations and did the same. In other words, the grandson based his decisions on the casuist ethical theory. 9. When writing codes of ethics, businesses must ensure their codes deal with every possible situation. FALSE 10. Sustainability refers to the idea that socially responsible companies will outperform their peers by focusing on the world’s social problems and viewing them as opportunities to build profits and help the world at the same time. TRUE 11. Exxon Mobil was fulfilling its philanthropic responsibility when it partnered with the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to save the world’s remaining tigers by donating more than eleven million dollars to establish the Save the Tiger Fund. TRUE 12. The foundation of the pyramid of corporate social responsibility is economic responsibility. TRUE 13. Because social responsibility has proven to have a limited return on investment, the number of businesses opting to act socially responsible is declining. FALSE 14. In May 2008, three Atlanta Braves team members unveiled three Chilean wines that were to be sold with their photos on the labels. The bottles of wine sell for around $14 at retail outlets and the proceeds from the sales benefit The Miracle League, the Rally Foundation for Childhood Cancer Research, and CURE Childhood Cancer. This is an example of cause-related marketing. 15. Everyone agrees that cause-related marketing is beneficial. 16. Marketers can control the external environment in which their organizations operate. FALSE 17. Social factors in the marketing environment influence the products people buy, the prices paid for products, the effectiveness of specific promotions, and how, where, and when people expect to purchase products. TRUE 18. The phenomenon of working women has had a greater effect on marketing than has any other social change. TRUE 19. The clothing style worn by tweens reflects that of their parents. 20. Multiculturalism occurs when all major ethnic groups in an area are roughly equally represented. TRUE 21. Across the U. S. , there are no existing state laws that protect consumers from identity theft. FALSE 22. Having a global vision means management recognizes and reacts to international marketing opportunities, is aware of threats from foreign competitors in all markets, and effectively utilizes international distribution networks. TRUE 23. The US government limits the amount of sugarcane that is imported into the country. This is an example of a tariff. FALSE 24. The US government prohibits the importation of Havana cigars. Because of political differences with Cuba. This is an example of an import quota. FALSE 25. To protect its local vodka industry, Russia allows foreign manufacturers to have only one percent of the Russian vodka market. Russia uses quotas to control foreign competition. TRUE Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 26. Life is good ® no longer encloses its apparel in individual poly bags when shipping to customers because the management feels it harms the environment. This is an example of orientation. Social Marketing 27. Life is good ® developed the â€Å"Good Karma† line of environmentally friendly 100% organic cotton apparel. The production of the â€Å"Good Karma† line would be consistent with a orientation. Social Marketing 28. A retail lighting outlet that wishes to offer customer value should: charge $300 for lighting instead of the inflated price of $1,000 charged by others 29. Which of the following measures would be the best indicator of whether your organization’s personnel have a customer orientation: Surveying customers on how oriented the organizations personnel are to customer needs and desire 30. Some market-oriented firms give employees expanded authority to solve customer problems on the spot. This is known as: Empowerment 31. Jacques Torres Chocolate is a factory and retail store in Brooklyn. Its owner is willing to produce new products when his customers suggest them such as: chili pepper laced chocolate candy. His only condition is that when he adds new products, his customers have the final say on whether the product is of any value. According to Torres, â€Å"If something doesn’t move, that’s the last time you see it. † The primary goal of Jacques Torres Chocolates is to: Market 32. DeFeet International started a cyclist sock company. The founder, Shane Cooper, said that the socks for cyclists were just not of great quality so he made socks for his cycling team by knitting them inside out. The socks were of special materials aimed at giving the cyclists the most comfortable fit. These socks were not the traditional white socks but bright, bold, and flashy colored socks with cool graphics. These high tech socks were priced at around $10 a pair. Their website says â€Å"Defeet is Mafe for Driven Soles. † Soon cycling elites like Lance Armstrong and Greg LeMond were sporting the Defeet brand.

Hamlet Emotions Essays - Characters In Hamlet, Prince Hamlet, Hamlet

Hamlet Emotions The character of Prince Hamlet, in Shakespeare's Hamlet, displays many strong yet justified emotions. For instance, the "To be or Not To Be" soliloquy, perhaps one of the most well known quotes in the English language, Hamlet actually debates suicide. His despair, sorrow, anger, and inner peace are all justifiable emotions for this troubled character. Hamlet's feeling of despair towards his life and to the world develops as the play moves on. In Hamlet's first soliloquy he reveals that his despair has driven him to thoughts of suicide; "How weary (horrible) ... His law 'gainst self slaughter." Likewise, when Hamlet talks to his friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in Act 2, scene 2, Hamlet wishes they tell the King and Queen that he has "lost all mirth," in this world so "foul and pestilent." In his "To be or not to be" soliloquy, he expresses his despair through thoughts of suicide, suggesting that suicide is an easy way to end life's conflicts. But luckily he concludes that the fear of an unknown afterlife is what keeps us living. All of Hamlet's thoughts of despair can be understood when one looks at the horrible conflicts Hamlet goes through. Sorrow, perhaps the most evident emotion, is very well developed throughout the play. Initially, the only cause of Hamlet's sorrow is his father's death. However, after reading Act 1, scene 2, we see in Hamlet's asides that another source of his melancholy is his mother's hasty marriage to Claudius, the new king of Denmark. Further, when Queen Gertrude asks her son why his father's death "seems" so important, he replies, "Seems, madam? Nay it is. I know not 'seems'." In addition, Shakespeare reveals another source of sadness; now Hamlet is alone, with the most loved character in his life, Ophelia, rejecting him. This cause is well brought out in Hamlet's soliloquy in which he states; "Now I am alone. O, what a rouge and peasant slave am I!" Finally, when Hamlet discovers that Ophelia had died, new reasons for Hamlet's extreme feelings of sorrow are added. In fact, his sorrow is so great that "Forty thousand brothers/Could not (with all their quantity and love) Make up my sum." Thus, Hamlet's well developed sadness, is reasonable throughout the play. Unfortunately, Hamlet's thoughts of mourning are replaced by those of anger. Most readers of Hamlet agree, to some extent or another, that Hamlet is well justified in expressing anger. Perhaps the first incident of Hamlet's true expression of anger is during his scene with the ghost in Act I. He states, "I with wings as swift as thought...sweep to my revenge." Furthermore, in spite of his love for Ophelia, when he discovers she is not being truthful with him in Act III scene 1, he becomes outraged, dismissing his love for her. "I loved you once," and then "loved you not." Thus, "to a nunnery go." He continues to abuse the ideas of marriage and womanhood to Ophelia in his feigned madness until he finally leaves. These attacks on marriage and womanhood should not have been directed to Ophelia, but rather perhaps to Queen Gertrude for her play acted out, with the purpose of determining Claudius' guilt. When Hamlet's doubt is dismissed, he reveals more thoughts of anger and outrage towards Claudius. "O heart, lose not thy nature, let me be cruel." One of the most revealing scenes about Hamlet's anger can be found where Claudius is praying to absolve his sins. Hamlet is given the chance to avenge "this foul and most unnatural murder" when he sees Claudius praying. Hamlet, being a Christian prince, cannot bring himself to kill Claudius while he is praying, as this would secure his place in heaven. Hamlet wants to before Claudius gets up, declaring he cannot pray; "My words fly up, my thoughts remain below: Words without thoughts never to heaven go" (Claudius, Act III, Scene 3). Had Hamlet known Claudius was unable to pray, then he could have had his revenge right then and there, instead of waiting until the end and taking everyone else with him. Most of the other characters would probably have acted much quicker than Hamlet if they were in his position. Imagine Polonius in the situation Hamlet found himself in. He would not procrastinate as much. It would have most likely been off with the head of the murderer. Any other character in the play would not have stayed as quiet as Hamlet does (confiding only in his best friend, and even keeping the truth from his mother until the end of

What Tony Robbinss morning routine can teach you

What Tony Robbinss morning routine can teach you All of us can remember playing â€Å"follow the leader† as kids. We would each watch carefully what the â€Å"leader† did and didn’t do, and we’d do our best to copy them- with the winner being the one who could match the leader’s gestures and behaviors the longest. Did you know that as adults many of us play a version of â€Å"follow the leader† in our daily lives? It’s true! We often pick a leader, usually someone who has achieved certain goals or a level of success in life that we’d like to have, and we do our best to copy what they do, and hope that it ends with us being winners- in life.Playing â€Å"follow the leader† can actually be an effective strategy. It’s similar to having a role model whose habits and behaviors we emulate in an effort to achieve the same goals they have, and sometimes this approach works.If you’re looking for a leader to follow to help you achieve success, you can’t do mu ch better than Tony Robbins- this 57-year-old motivational speaker and life coach is a dynamic force of nature who attacks every facet of his life with a tireless gusto. Robbins doesn’t just dream about a successful future- he spends every waking moment devoted to going after it and making sure his goals are always within reach.Business Insider recently took a look at a day in the life of this influencer. Robbins maintains an intense daily schedule, which takes him all around the world for tours, events, and speaking engagements all year long, and it isn’t uncommon for unexpected activities to pop up and force him to pivot unexpectedly. Therefore, he needs to be able to summon a great deal of energy- both mental and physical- to be able to maintain this pace and still be effective at what he does. It isn’t uncommon for Robbins’ to work 16-hour days and rely on just a few hours of sleep- sometimes as little as 3 hours each night! So, how does he stay energ ized enough to get through a typical day? It all starts from the moment he gets up each morning and begins his morning routine.Let’s take a closer look at Robbins’ admittedly insane early morning routine and discover what you can learn from how this influential leader starts his day.A Tony Robbins morningA typical Robbins morning begins around 7 a.m., often following just a few hours of sleep, with a 10-minute breathing exercise designed to prime his mind and body, and to prepare himself for the day ahead. He then transitions to a state of mindful meditation, in which he mindfully contemplates his goals for the day and allows himself to focus on the things in life that he’s grateful for.Once Tony feels mentally ready, he begins a hardcore physical workout with his personal trainer that features high impact intervals of ultra-intensive bursts of maximum exertion- these workouts typically only last around 15 minutes but are designed to keep his heart rate at a ver y high level, which helps get his body ready for the often long and exhausting day ahead.One his workout is complete, Tony spends a few minutes in a very hot sauna, followed by a quick dip in icy cold water- transitioning between these temperature extremes helps him keep his heart rate up, and it goes a long way towards getting him energized and ready to tackle the coming day. There’s lots of research available that suggests that exercising in the morning contains a wealth of benefits. According to a recent article by The Huffington Post, morning workouts help you stay fit, healthy, and energized longer, and it frees up the rest of your day for productive activity.Robbins brings the same attention to detail to his morning meal as he does his workout routine- a typical breakfast includes a wake-up cocktail full of vitamins, minerals, and key nutrients to jumpstart him, followed by a breakfast high in protein, usually free-range eggs. Once Tony’s mind and body are awake, energized, and properly fueled, he’s ready to move forward and work towards achieving his goals for the day.Key takeawaysSo, while it may be tricky for you to match Tony Robbins’ morning routine exactly, there are some key takeaways for you to think about for your morning routine:Dedication- Robbins never allows himself to â€Å"wimp out† of his morning routine, or make excuses. Starting the day off by allowing laziness or apathy to take control can really set your day off on the wrong foot. Your dedication to overcome all of the challenges you’ll face throughout the day should begin the moment you wake up.Focus- Robbins maintains a rigid and structured morning routine, and he stays on task. He doesn’t let his focus waver or distract him for a moment. This focused mindset carries over into the rest of his day, and helps him face any task and see it through to completion. Your day should start the same way.Energy- It takes energy to achieve your da ily goals without letting exhaustion overtake you, and the core goal of Robbins’ morning routine is to energize his mind, body, and spirit. Whatever your morning routine is, it should center around this primary goal as well- make meal and exercise choices that fuel you, not drain you. What’s more, positive energy is at the heart of Robbins’ morning routine, beginning with an appreciation of his life and all the good things he has surrounding him. Whenever possible, make sure your day starts off on a positive note.Maximize time- If we haven’t already made it abundantly clear, one thing that Robbins’ doesn’t have in abundance is time to waste. That’s why he makes every moment of his morning routine count, so he can get on with the rest of his day as quickly as possible. Your morning routine should maximize your time while getting you energized and setting you up for success.  So, while jumping into ice cold pools or high-impact workou ts with a personal trainer may not be part of your morning routine, if you follow a routine that’s healthy and productive, and stay dedicated and focused while making the most of your valuable time, you’ll be setting yourself up with the positive mental and physical energy you’ll need to achieve your own success!

2. List and describe the four types of healing Essay

2. List and describe the four types of healing - Essay Example Healers are gifted sense of the â€Å"sacred world† and have ties with spiritual force. Generally speaking, healing is less expensive than physicians. There are four types of healing that are vital towards rehabilitation and recuperation. The four basic types of healing consist of: forgiveness, inner healing of memories, physical healing, and breaking strongholds. Forgiveness is one of the most vital aspects that enable individuals to ponder deeply in thought about their actions. Forgiveness is part of inner healing since the cause of suffering is a personal sin. The main antidote for forgiveness is not only repentance but to understand that all humans sin. The second most basic type of healing consists of inner healing. Inner healing consists of realizing that humans are not control of all aspects of life. Inner healing is vital as it enables an individual to reach inner peace within themselves without always thinking about atoning for their sins. Inner healing consists of understanding an issue and admitting that you as a person tried your best to achieve your goal. Life is filled with obstacles and trials that will continue to challenge individuals. When a personal suffers from emotional illness, inner healing is utilized. The main foundation of the problem of is the fact that humans are unconscious about not forgiving. This holistic approach should aim to heal a person’s memory. Conducive holistic health directory offers a variety of holistic  healing therapies. Some individuals have always been victims of physical, social, and emotional abuse. The inner healing process is complicated and very sensitive as it strives to re store the emotional health of the person. The third type of healing is physical healing. Physical healing also include inner healing power, support from peers. However, physical healing can also mean having proper nutrition, taking healthy supplements, and any other

Correct Common Student Errors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Correct Common Student Errors - Essay Example Firstly, Student A appears to have a sound grasp of the concept of long division. The student has meticulously conducted every step in the process correctly except the initial multiplication calculation. The basic multiplication step of 9x8 =72 and 8x9 =72 eludes the student. Both problems in the worksheet involving 9x8 and 8x9 the student responded with an answer of 71. Every other dimension of the division problem was accurate. It is relatively simply to verify that the student is unaware of the fact that 9x8 =72 and 8x9 is 72 and not 71 because it was performed for both problems in the worksheet. A further strategy for verification besides that of observation would be to have a one on one session with the student and ask the student to repeat the 8 or the 9 times tables for you. At the point where the student states an inaccurate response is the best verification. This problem can be corrected by ensuring that the student knows the 8 times and 9 times tables. The teacher may ask the student to observe the 8 times or the 9 times tables on the wall chart. In the 8 times table when the student reaches 8x9, the teacher may ask the student to stop. The teacher may ask, ‘do you observe any differences between the answer on the wall chart and the answer on your worksheet?’ This student seems to be very assiduous, thus an exclamation of joy or disappointment may occur at the same time that the student observes the mistake that was made in multiplying 8x9. This procedure may not have to be repeated for the second problem as the student may immediately realize the mistake if the concept of the associative property of multiplication was previously taught. Student B also has a fairly good grasp of the procedure but this student does not realize that a 0 should be placed in the tens column of the quotient to signify that the answer is 3097 for 12388 Ã · 4 and 1043 r 3 for 5217 Ã · 5. An interesting gap in the procedure is that on the initial

Critical Asssignement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical Asssignement - Assignment Example Phoneme is considered as the basic unit of sound and phonology is the science of sound. Semantics denote the meaning of a language. In this regard, morpheme is the basic unit of sound to carry meaning. Another major components, which is pragmatics is the study of the use of language. Furthermore, it also deals with the intention behind the utterance. Again, the syntax is another component, which deals with the study of the organization of a language. The intention behind this is to create grammatically correct sentences (Evans, 2009). The implications of these parts or components are to produce a meaningful vocal activity that would lead to the understanding of the expression by the other person. The use of proper components leads to a meaningful communication and would lead to the effective sharing of thoughts and feelings (Byram, 1994). Moreover, it is also essential to considered that language depends significantly upon the situation in which it is used. If the situation is serious and involves the people who are unknown, then it is very likely to use the formal language. On the other hand, if the situation is casual and the people involved are known, then the use of informal language is often expected. It is also observed that people use more formal language while writing and informal language during speaking. Furthermore, language also depends upon the context in which the language is being used. In this regard, it is also been observed that words in different context have different meanings. In addition, it is also to be noted that language is used to understand and access to different cultures in the world. Also, due to the presence of diverse culture, the languages used by people of different culture also vary significantly. Furthermore, with the difference in age of people the language speaks by people tends to differ. It has been observed that the language that a child speaks is different from the language of an adult person. The

World War II Late Attempts to Save the Jewish

World War II Late Attempts to Save the Jewish Anh Nguyen The Holocaust is a horrified event in world history. It killed over six million and left permanent scars on the Jewish population. During 1941, America engaged in the World War II. Essentially, all the resources must have been prioritized to win the war. Rescuing the Jews from the Nazis administration was not the first item on the list. Not until 1942, when the Americans fully had information about the mass killing of the Jews, there were two millions Jews killed by that time. The numbers kept on going until it reached to six millions people. It was an unimaginable scale of deaths. Americas government indifference and the media did not have an immediate actions towards the holocaust. The United States was a bystander during Germanys reign and the Holocaust because the State Department wanted to suppress the news about the Holocaust as well as the media which conflicted with the Treasury Department. The two important men that had a huge effect on the genocide were Adolf Hitler and President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Hitler was the mastermind behind the holocaust and he believed that the Jews were responsible for the spread of communism which was operating in Moscow. Based on this conspiracy, he and his most dedicated followers tried to destroy and murder every single person of Jewish ancestry. Hitler also believed in Darwinism which is a theory that races of humanity are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals Survival of the fittest economy. In this case, the Jews were threats and Hitler had all the rights to destroy them. At first, Hitler and his followers wanted to abuse German Jews so that they would emigrate to other countries. However, after Hitler successfully invaded Poland in 1939, instead of continuing to abuse the Jews, the new policy was to put the Jews to reservations and mass killing them all. The mass murder of the Jews first ha ppened in the fall of 1941 (McMillan, 6). Holocaust is a word originated from Greek meaning sacrifice by fire. Not only the Jews were the targeted group, some other groups were also the victims of the Holocaust. For instance, the Gypsies, the disabled, homosexuals, Slavic peoples, and other groups that were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds were also in the systematic murder under Hitlers rules (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). Words could not describe the crimes that Hitler had put on those people. Former President Franklin D. Roosevelt was remembered for rescuing the Jews by establishing the War Refugee Board. However, on January 22, 1944 when Roosevelt issued the Executive Order 9417 to establish the War Refugee Board, he did not have the intention to rescue the Jews and open the door to welcome the refugees to the United States. It was not an easy decision for him whether to act about that or not. At that time, President Franklin D. Roosevelt had the pressure of the economic depression and the problems of millions of unemployed people (Morse, 202). Moreover, the Neutrality Law was passed during Roosevelts presidency by the United States Congress in 1935 and he did not veto the law. The law was passed to limit U.S involvement in future war. Roosevelts first interest in rescue began when he invited the thirty-two nations to meet Evian, France, to discuss about the refugee situation. However, he had no intention to change the immigration regulations and so others countries. Bef ore the establishment of the War Refugee Board, Roosevelt did not have a policy or take in any refugees. It was also a hard move for President Roosevelt to take in the refugees. President Herbert Hoover passed the quota laws after the Great Depression in 1929. This quota laws made it extremely difficult for people who were trying to obtain immigration visas. The American people did not need to give shelters for the immigrants who could not support themselves. They needed to have the financial resources to prove that they can support themselves in the United States. In addition, after the World War II began in 1939, the country was put in a different stage. The refugees needed to be screened on national security grounds which made the immigration process even harder. Moreover, the United States entered the war in December 1941, most of the American consulates had closed in most of Europe which made it nearly impossible for the refugees to escape the continent. (United States Holocaus t Memorial Museum). The War Refugee Board was established on January 22, 1944 by Franklin D. Roosevelt. The board was headed by John Pehle. The board came to work immediately. Their mission was to aid the victims of Nazism while pressing the Allies and neutral nations including Turkey, Portugal, Switzerland, Spain, and Sweden to take diplomatic action and create free ports to take in refugees. These free ports would only take in refugees temporarily and give them shelters until they could be sent back to their original countries. This idea of free ports came up by Samuel Grafton, a popular columnist of the New York Post. In addition, the War Refugee Board pressured against the Axis satellites. They reminded them that if they kept mistreating the Jews, the mistreatments would not go away and it would have terrible consequences. However, this action was not approved by the State department. They thought that these undiplomatic messages were placing the neutrals in an uncomfortable position. On the contrar y, these warnings did have a positive effect to rescue the Jews. For instance, the Rumanian officials feared the threats and agreed to evacuate the Transnistrian concentration camps (Morse, 317). This effort mostly succeed by the help of Ira Hirschmann an ambassador in Ankara who was determined to rescue the Jews after his visit to Evian. Hirschman persuaded the Rumanian government to issue transit visas so that thousands of Jews can go the sanctuary in Palestine. Also, he requested the Rumanian government to empty the Transnistrian camps which had only 48,000 survivals out of 185,000 Jews. Even when the United States was late in rescuing the Jews, the efforts were still counted. For instance, the War Refugee Board expedited the transmission of funds to Switzerland to pay for the Red Cross relief supplies and other rescue operation (Morse, 330). Sadly, the victory came rather late. More than 4,000,000 Jews were already in ashes (Feingold, 85) The conflict between the State department and the Treasury department made it hard for the Americans to rescue the Jews. It all started when Gerhart Riegner the representative in Switzerland of the World Jewish Congress tried to send a message to Rabbi Wise who was the president of the World Jewish Congress to know about the plan of physically annihilate the Jews of Europe in August, 1942. However, Riegner message did not go to Rabbi Wise immediately. It was suppressed by the State Departments Division of European Affairs with general agreement that the facts had not yet been verified. The message did not reach Rabbi Wise until August 28 through the London branch of the World Jewish Congress. In the final months of 1942, the stories about the mass murder of the Jews in Europe shocked the Jewish community. There was an opportunity for the Jews in Rumania to survive. Riegner also attempted to forward the information to the America about rescuing the Rumanian Jews when their governmen t was willing to co-operate to transfer seventy thousand Jews to any refuge selected by the Allies but his message ended up in the State Departments telegram number 354 of February 10, 1943 (Morse, 73). His second part of the message was asking the money to rescue the children in French concentration camps and the United States government must give the license to transmit the funds. However, the State Department did not believe Riegner message and they procrastinated to give Riegner the answer. Until December 23, 1943, the State Department issued the license to Riegner to rescue the Jews in Rumania and France (Morse, 86). The wait time to authorize Riegner the license was eight months in total. Moreover, on March 2, 1944, the War Refugee Board prepared a message to send to the Red Cross. However, this message was shot down by the State Departmentdue to the regulations of U.S British blockade of Europe. The message from the Board was sent on March 23 and not until April 29 the message was delivered (Morse, 326). The International Committee of the Red Cross had remained silent in the face of Nazi murder. The Board tried to reach out to the Red Cross from time to time and request them to take action and obtain humanitarian treatment for the helpless Jews in German. However, it never went through. The representatives from the Red Cross said they had no legal rights to force German to improve the treatment of the Jews. Their only concern were the prisoners of war and civilians. The War Refugee Board wanted the Red Cross to urge the German and its satellites to treat Jews on a status equal to the prisoners. If they turned this down, the Red Cross should demand the right to ship and distribute food packages to inmates of the German camps. With constant pressuring the Red Cross from the War Refugee Board and the help of Prince Johannes Schwarzenberg who was an anti Nazi aristocrat, they found a way to provide food for the Jews in the camps. In addition, the racial conflicts in the government was one of the motive that suppressed the rescuing of the Jews within the State Department. Breckinridge Long the chief architect of the State Department held a grudge against the Jews. As he saw the fight against the refugees as a battle against Jewish Communist agitators who were trying to ruin his political career. One of his tactics to downplay the rescue projects was to call the Jews political refugees even though the problem was only about the Jews in Europe. Also, the racial discrimination was proven by a conversation that was heard by a friend of Josiah Dubois a Treasury Department official. That Jew Morgenthau and his Jewish assistants like Dubois are trying to take over this place (Morse, 324). Even when Mrs. Ruth Shipley who headed the Passport Division asked if all the employers in the Board were American. John Pehle was surprised by the question and asked why would Mrs. Ruth Shipley asked that. Mrs. Shipley simply sa id: Well, Ive never read cables like those your people send. They just arent worded like our cables (Morse, 324) The racial discrimination was deep-rooted in the State Department. It was one of the barriers to help the helpless Jews out of Nazis rules. The media, specifically the New York Times failed to cover the fate of the Jews from 1938 to 1945. It passed many chances to inform the public about the unimaginable scale of murder of the Jews in Europe under Hitlers command. The genocide happened in the same time with the war in Europe on September 1, 1939 to nearly six years later 1945, the New York Times and other media suppressed the stories and treated the mass murder as a secondary story. According to Leff, the media did publish some of the stories about what was happening to the Jews, an average of 17 stories in a month in the Times. However, throughout the years in war, the destruction of the Jews only made the Times front page just 26 times. In those 26 times, only six stories portrayed the Jews as the victims of the mass murder. The stories are never appear back to back and the paper rarely highlighted the problems in the News of the Week or the magazine section. For instance, the Times first story on the mass slaughter was on page five of the paper. On that same paper, the story of the deaths of some civilians appeared on the front page. Some may say that the New York Times did not have enough information to write stories or the good sources. Conversely, the Times had a good idea of what was happening to Europes Jews. Even after the Allied governments confirmed the truth of the Holocaust in December, 1942, the paper did not change its coverage. There are three main explanations to this matter. The first one was the overwhelming demands of covering a world war. The World War II involved two groups of countries which were the Axis Powers and the Allies. There were total twelve countries that were involved in the war. Comparing that to the small minority group such as the Jews in Europe might make it hard to recognize the suffering they had to endure at that time. The second reason explained why some journalist found it hard to believe the authenticity of the sources. In World War I, there were a lot of fake stories about the death factories and mass gassings which was too horrific to be believed. When World War II happ ened after two decades, the journalists became more experienced and skeptical. Moreover, some of the journalists did not believe the information simply because it was too horrible. The last reason for the lack of coverage for the horrified large scale murder was the United States government. The press mainly based their news on what the government did or said and since the government did little action on the matter of rescuing the Jews, it was considered not important. In addition, the papers were afraid it would bring too much attention to the public that the America was trying to win the war to rescue the Jews. These three reasons help explain why the press downplayed the news of the Holocaust. However, during all those times, not all the front page covers were about the war. The New York Times printed twelve to fifteen front -page stories every day and only half of these were about the war. Moreover, the comparison between the numbers of deaths between the victims of the war and the extermination of the Jews were not fair. As Leff stated in her book, the murder of the Jews was not just collateral damage. It is safe to conclude that the Jews alone were singled out for complete eradication in a systematic and purposeful program (Leff, 6). As stated in the website uhsmm.org, very few reports about the Holocaust included photographs. Only after May 1945, the final days of the war and the victory of the Allied, there were more visual evidence of Nazi atrocities in American newspapers and magazines (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). In conclusion, many choices were made during the crisis which did not base on human concerns. The conflicts within the Americas government, between the State Department and the Treasury Department delayed the rescue missions. The War Refugee Board went over and beyond to help the victims running from the death camps. However, since it was established in 1944, it rescued thousands of Jews but it was too late to rescue millions (Feingold, 262). Moreover, the New York Times and other mass media at the time did not efficiently inform the Americans about the Holocaust. Most of the Americans did not know about the Holocaust as it was happening. Additionally, the media treated the mass murder of millions of Jews as secondary news. According to Leff, the New York Times was unique in the information and other American press too cues from the Times. If the mass media was able to bring the facts and the stories about the extermination of the Jews to the public, many more Jews would have been sa ved and survived from the Nazis rule (Leff, 358). Works Cited Page Dwork, Deborah, and R J. Pelt. Holocaust: A History. New York: Norton, 2002. Print. Feingold, Henry L. Bearing Witness: How America and Its Jews Responded to the Holocaust. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 1995. Print. Leff, Laurel. Buried by the Times: The Holocaust and Americas Most Important Newspaper. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Print. McMillan, Dan. How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust. , 2014. Print. Morse, Arthur D. While Six Million Died; a Chronicle of American Apathy. New York, Random House [1968], 1968. EBSCOhost, 0-search.ebscohost.com.lasiii.losrios.edu/login.aspx?direct=truedb=cat01047aAN=lrois.b1019655site=eds-livescope=site. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The United States and the Holocaust. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2017.

Fighting for Equality and Freedom Essay -- American History Civil Righ

Across all nations and cultures, the enduring pursuit of equality in life seems global and timeless. Some would believe that their own country has achieved a true democracy with no residual inequalities of which to speak, while others know they are at the other end of the spectrum, enduring unjust laws that should not be bestowed on any human. Through the course of history many countries have fought for that democracy and all the equality that it implies. While some believe they have reached that goal, others continue to fight for the most basic human rights, even in this time of enlightenment. The journey each country takes on its road to that place may vary by origination, length, severity and outcome, but the goal seems to be the same. Looking at two such journeys through the writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. in his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail† and from an excerpt of Aung San Suu Kyi’s In Quest of Democracy, the underlying theme of equality is thoug htfully penned with examples universally recognizable from each of their own perspectives, respectfully acknowledging their own histories, religions, and obstacles to illuminate the path toward that common goal of a just society despite unjust laws. In â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail,† King’s detailed writings demonstrate his understanding of the need to painstakingly explain his position to those controlling the unequal democracy under which he was being detained at that time. Even while writing of the history of his people as slaves, King skillfully avoids coming across as just another complainer, laying out the blunt truth as it was. He calls upon history to show that this never should have been in the first place, referencing the New Testament of the Bible ... ...rom suffering under unjust laws imposed by unfair rulers. Two people at different ages in their lives, different stages in their quests, of different histories and religions, one black, one Asian, one male, one female, with one goal for all. While Suu Kyi may one day be in a position to continue her fight, sadly the world lost King too soon. Their examples, as documented in their writings, of persistence, perseverance, and grounding in what is good and just for all mankind should be followed by all, to be benefited from by all. Works Cited King, Martin Luther, Jr. â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail.† Reading the World: Ideas that Matter. Ed. Michael Austin. New York: Norton, 2007. 173-187. Print. Suu Kyi, Aung San. â€Å"From ‘In Quest of Democracy.’† Reading the World: Ideas that Matter. Ed. Michael Austin New York: Norton, 2007. 191-196. Print.